Movement reference
Back Squat (Low Bar)
Before this set, check the bar position, rack setup and execution phases in the low-bar squat reference.
- Pattern
- Squat · Compound · Bilateral
- Equipment
- Barbell and rack
- Primary muscle groups
- Glutes · Quadriceps
How the movement is performed
Follow the descent, bottom position and ascent separately. The coaching notes explain what to watch for in each part of the lift.
Example coaching point: let your hips and shoulders rise together as you stand.
Muscle & joint reference
Muscle roles and joint involvement in the squat
The movement reference identifies the muscles and joints involved in this squat. The load and rep count alone cannot provide that context.
- Primary groups
- Glutes · Quadriceps
- Secondary groups
- Hamstrings · Hip adductors
- Stabilising groups
- Spinal extensors · Abdominals · Upper back
Muscles and joints connected to the movement
Read the individual muscle roles, including gluteus maximus and the quadriceps. Follow the hip, knee and ankle references alongside the execution notes.
Muscle roles describe the movement reference. They do not measure your personal muscle activation or growth.
Training principle / RIR
Interpret 2 RIR
For this five-repetition set, 2 RIR means you estimate that about two further repetitions were possible. Reps in Reserve describes proximity to failure, not the percentage of 1RM lifted.
- 0 RIR
- No further repetition judged possible
- Example set
- 5 completed reps · About 2 further reps possible
- What it records
- Your estimate of effort for that set
Interpreting the instruction
A target of 2 RIR asks you to finish with roughly two repetitions still available. Your recorded RIR captures how the set actually felt. The planned and recorded values can differ.
RIR is an estimate, and its accuracy varies. It adds context alongside the load and repetitions you recorded.
Metric reference / Strength
Interpret 80% of 1RM
The example set uses 80 kg. Against an illustrative 100 kg 1RM for this same movement, its relative load is 80% of 1RM.
- Working load
- 80 kg
- Example 1RM reference
- 100 kg · Same movement
- Relative load
- 80 ÷ 100 × 100 = 80% of 1RM
From one set to Average Working Intensity
This is the percentage for one working set. Average Working Intensity averages the resolved percentages across qualifying sets. Read it alongside repetitions, set count and programme intent.
Missing or incompatible 1RM data limits coverage. Averages can also hide a mix of lighter and heavier work.
Reference excerpts for one illustrative set. Use the links to explore the full movement reference, session example and pillar metrics.